Building an automatic irrigation system is an investment that pays for itself in the first season. In this guide, we'll cover every stage: from planning to launching your system.

1. Planning your system

First, you need to create a site plan. Measure dimensions, mark buildings, walkways, trees, and flower beds. This is the foundation of your entire project.

Key parameters to determine:

  • Irrigation area — the total area that needs watering
  • Water pressure — measure with a pressure gauge at the supply (normal: 2-4 bar / 30-60 PSI)
  • Source flow rate — how many liters (gallons) per minute your water supply delivers
  • Soil type — affects irrigation rate and absorption speed

2. Choosing equipment

Main components of an irrigation system:

  • Nozzles (sprinklers) — distribute water across the area. Types: rotary, fixed spray, and MP Rotator
  • Solenoid valves — control water flow to zones
  • Controller — the brain of the system, sets the watering schedule
  • Pipes and fittings — typically PE pipe 25-32 mm (1"-1.25")
  • Sensors — rain, soil moisture (optional)

3. Calculating irrigation zones

Zones are groups of sprinklers that operate simultaneously. The number of zones depends on your water supply flow rate, total nozzle flow per zone, and plant types.

Rule: total nozzle flow in a zone should not exceed 75% of source capacity.

4. Installation

Installation stages:

  1. Mark pipe runs on site according to the plan
  2. Dig trenches 25-30 cm (10-12") deep
  3. Lay pipes and install fittings
  4. Install sprinklers at proper height
  5. Set up the valve box and solenoid valves
  6. Connect the controller and run cable
  7. Backfill trenches and restore the lawn

5. Startup and adjustment

After installation, flush the system by opening all valves, test each zone individually, adjust the radius and arc of each sprinkler, program the watering schedule, and check coverage uniformity.

Cost estimate

For a 300-500 m² property, expect to spend $300-$800 on sprinklers, valves, controller, pipes, and fittings combined.

Use our free online planner to design your irrigation system — it helps avoid costly mistakes.